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It is a proxy is also referred to proxy server software that acts acting as an intermediary between a client and server over the internet. Without a proxy, a client would make a request an item directly to a server and it would then serve direct to users who requested the resource. This is a simple method to comprehend and implement, adding proxies offers advantages such as greater performance, privacy, security, and more. As an additional layer of being able to pass between, it functions as a guardian for the internet, separating clients and servers.




There is a general consensus it is the case that the mix of servers hardware and installed proxy software is often called proxy servers. This article we will focus on proxies typically described as software, as well as those used together with web servers. This article will present a detailed breakdown of two types of proxies which are a forward proxy and one called a reverse proxy. Each type is unique in its use, often confused because of the same name convention.




This article will give you some understanding about what proxies are and what they are subtypes of, as well as the ways in which they can be beneficial for the most common setups. Through this article you'll be able determine the situations where a proxy can be advantageous, and choose the most appropriate forward proxy or reverse proxy in any given situation.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy, also known in the form of open proxy. An open proxy is a representative of a customer that attempts to transmit an internet request to an origin server. In this scenario, it's the situation that all requests coming from the client will be sent to this forward proxy. In this case the forward proxy, instead of the client, will review the request. It will first will determine if the client is permitted to send requests via this specific forward proxy. It will then decide whether to reject the request or send it back to its origin server. It's not able connect directly via the Internet. It can only access what the forward proxy permits it to access.




The most common use for forward proxies is for more privacy or protection online. A forward proxy uses the internet as a separate client, and during this way, it could utilize a different IP address in contrast to the IP address that is used by the client.




Based on the way it was established in the past forward proxy servers could offer a wide range of options, allowing you to:




Stay clear of tracking ads.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions based on your where you live.




Forward proxies are also used in systems that offer central security and permit-based access, for example, at work. In the event that all internet traffic passes through an open forward proxy layer, an administrator can grant only a small number of clients online access, that is blocked by a standard firewall. Instead of ensuring firewalls are in place for the client layer, which can include multiple machines that are different in terms of user and environment the firewall can be placed at the layer which redirects traffic from proxy servers.




Remember that forward proxies have to be set up manually prior to use, whereas reverse proxies can be disregarded by clients. Based on the fact that the IP address of the client is sent to the server that originated it via the forward proxy Privacy and anonymity could get granted, or even made more transparent.




There are a myriad of possibilities to consider when it comes to forward proxy options:




Apache A well-known, open-source web server with forward proxy features.


Nginx is another well-known open-source web server that has forward proxy features.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy that makes use of an HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide an entire web server. Take a look at our article on the most efficient method of setting up Squid proxy for connection with private networks in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante forward proxy which utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it more suitable for use scenarios like peer-to-peer communication. It is also possible to check out how to set up an Dante proxy to allow private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy is a representation of a server on the internet that handles incoming requests from customers on its behalf. The web server may represent one or more servers. It could also be an application server such as Gunicorn. For any one of these cases, a request could come in from a client through the internet in general. The majority of the time the request will be sent directly to the web server, along with the information the user is looking for. Reverse proxy, however, is a intermediary and isolates your website server from any interaction with the open internet.




From a user's point of view from a user's point of view, using a reverse proxy isn't any different than communicating with your webserver directly. It's basically the same and the client is unable to discern the difference. The client requests a resource and then receives it, with no additional configurations required for the end-user.




Reverse proxy proxies are able to provide some features, including:




Secured centrally for Web Server Layer.


The sending of traffic according to the rules you set up.


Additional functions for caching.




While central security can be a benefit of both forward and reverse proxy solutions, reverse proxies give this benefit to only the server layer, and not to the layer that connects to the client. Instead of the maintenance of firewalls on the web server layer that may contain multiple servers with different configurations, the bulk of firewall security resides on the reverse proxy layer. Furthermore, removing the obligation of interfacing with firewalls and responding to requests from clients who aren't connected to web servers allows the firewall to concentrate on serving the requirements of their clients.




If there are multiple servers that are in a reverse proxy,, the reverse proxy is also in charge of the way requests are handled to which server. Multiple web servers could be operating on the same server, serving different types of resources, or a mix of the two. These servers can use the HTTP protocol to function as a standard web server. They can also use protocols for applications such as FastCGI. You can set up reverse proxy servers to send customers to specific servers according to the type of resource they're seeking, or to adhere to certain rules for traffic load.




Reverse proxies also can profit from their positioning ahead of web servers through the ability to cache. Large static assets can be set up using caching rules to prevent having to connect to web servers with each request, with certain services offering the possibility to serve static files directly without needing to connect to the internet server at all. In addition, reverse proxy could handle the compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server is also known as a reverse proxy service. You can also use it, Apache web server, it is equipped with reverse proxy feature it's an additional feature available only for Apache however Nginx was initially designed for and specifically designed for reverse proxy functionality.



Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Utilizing Differentiation of Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use



Because "forward" and "reverse" have connotations of directionality, and false comparisons to "incoming" in addition to "outgoing" traffic These labels are confusing because both kinds of proxies can be used to respond to requests as well as responses. An alternative method to differentiate between reverse and forward proxy services is to study the specifications of the application that you are creating.




A reverse proxy could be useful in the creation of a solution to provide web-based applications over the internet. They act as your servers when you interact with the internet.




Forward proxy can be useful when used in front of the client for personal use or in a work environment. They represent your client traffic when you interact with the internet.




A distinction that is based on the use cases instead of focusing exclusively upon similar conventions for naming will help you avoid confusion.



Conclusion



This article provides the definition of a proxy that includes two main kinds that are forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios for application and a review of the advantageous features were used to differentiate forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're interested in exploring the possibilities of proxies then take a look at our guide on how to configure Nginx as reverse proxy and webserver proxy using Apache on an Ubuntu 20.04 server.



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